Automotive side collision dummy application analysis

Develop a car side collision regulation to reduce the risk of occupant and fatal injury in the side tissue accident, according to the fake people measured in the process of regulatory test, stipulate the anti-collision performance requirements of the car, side door strengthening requirements And other requirements to improve the safety of the car side collision. Due to the huge losses caused by the car accident, the world's automobile industrial developed countries established a regulatory regulations and made a mandatory requirement for the collision safety of the car. But in general, representative car safety technology regulations have three major systems, namely the United States, Europe and Japanese technical regulations, and various systems have different characteristics.

Auto side collision dummy classification
Most of the car collision dummy is made of metal and plastic. The chest is steel, and the shoulder blade is aluminum. The basin bone is plastic, and the simulator is not only The same shape and internal organs are the same, and there are complicated spine, ribs and synthetic muscles. In the body of the dummy, there are a variety of sensors (about 60 sensors), up to 180 channels can be provided with data, and refresh data at a speed of 2 000 / s.
Dummy's head: The head "skeleton" of the fake person is made of aluminum alloy, the outer coated rubber epidermide, the interior of the bone is an acceleration sensor to measure the horizontal acceleration of the dummy's head in the impact process And force. The neck of the fake person: The sensor is installed in the neck for measuring the bending, shearing and pulling force of the neck in the collision. Dummy chest: The chest consists of steel ribs and rubber skin, and the ribs are equipped with a sensor that can record rib deformation, and the collision pressure and the change in acceleration are recorded. The fake people's abdomen and pelvic: The dummy is equipped with a sensor in the abdomen and pelvic bone. It will record the force of the abdomen during the collision, and the danger of fracture and dislocation is determined according to the data.
The world's first fake person used in the side collision was born in the late 1970s, and the US-SID dummy was jointly developed by the United States and NHTSA, US NHTSA (Figure 1), US-SID dummy actually used A lot of Hybrid-Iu (positive collision dumpers), such as head, but improved due to the variety of collision. The first generation of the first generation of Europe collided out the dummy Eurosid-I fake person (Figure 2) was born in the mid-1980s. After a series of tests and improvements, the Upgrade model of Eurosid-I fake people was launched in the 1990s. , That is, Eurosid's EUROSID (ES 1 2) (Figure 3). GM has also launched a fake person called Biosid in the 1990s (as shown in Figure 4), which is more advanced than US-SID and Eurosid, but is not widely used. In addition, there are international standards (ISO) WorldSid, USCAR's SID 1i type fake people.

Auto side collision dummy analysis
US and Europe used in a side collision testSide collision dummy people are US-SID dummy and Eurosid-i dummy. Two dumns are men from 50 percentage occupants. Although both are based on Hybrid-III (positive collision dumpers), some parts of Hybrid-III are used, but they have a big difference in construction. Due to the difference in the construction of these two kinds of prostitutes, both are different in collision damage value. The United States is based on the chest acceleration of dummy. Europe Eurosid-i is evaluated by the size of the chest deformation. Europe Eurosid-I dummy is more in line with China's human characteristics, so the side of China is now carrying the side collision tests, and the dummy people are European EUROD-I dummy. In addition to the United States, most countries have collided with the side of Europe. At present, the body characteristics of the side collision dummy are mainly simulated through human characteristics of Western countries, and China's test dumpers are imported, and there is a global standard unified issue.
In fact, from the beginning of the development of Eurosid-i, the discussion and research work of the pair of pairs of collision tests in the world have not stopped. The problem is mainly focused on: 1) Side collision dummy's unified problem, requiring a worldwide collision dummy who can basically reflect the world's different characteristics, and can reduce automotive and constraint system manufacturers to meet different countries in different countries. The development cost of the request; 2) The fake person's bionic sex, the existing side collision dummy is similar to what the response data after the impact is similar, which biomechanical data is used to evaluate the fake people 's bionic; 3) How to translate the dummy in the collision test into injury risk to specify the safety performance of the car or constraint system. While discussing and researching various countries, many users have found the following disadvantages in the mechanical structure of EuroID-I: 1) The rib position curve appears "flat top" phenomenon, and cannot meet the rules of its specified. 2) Outstanding backplane is easy to embed the seat back; 3) The iliac bone is easily bending deformation in the pelvic plastic; 4) Contact with the shame load sensor; 5) Bundle with shoulder chronicles; 6) lumbar spine A sound; 7) The shameless load sensor waveform appears sharp peaks due to the collision between the knees. At the same time, the user also proposes an update to the abdominal sensor and believes that the calibration test of the abdomen and pelvis is too high.
EUROSID-I users have proposed these issues and suggestions forcing EEVC to improve the Eurosid-I dummy. As part of the SID 1 2000 program funded by EEVC, Europe starts the development and development of ES 1 2 from 1998. In January 2000, ES 2 was jointly produced by the FTSS company of British, US, and Europe, and passed the corresponding test trial, starting in Europe, US and Japanese national trials, using the results showed that its performance is better than eurosid I. International Standardization in 2002It is learned that (EUROSID-11) ES 2 has been recognized by European countries, which is intended to write EEC command and ECE regulations to replace EurosID-I. The United States and Japan also agreed to try to make a decision for a while, so ES 1 will be possible to become the first temporary world.
From a long-term perspective, the next generation side collision dummy will be the worldSid developed by ISO / TC22 / SCL2 / WG5, which is also a 50 TH percentage male side collision dummy, as shown in Figure 6 Show, weighing 76.7 kg, the data channel will be about 200, it is the most sensitive car side collision test fake people in history, and 212 sensors and memory chips that can be all over it can be 1 000 / s. Ultra-high frequency records undergone everything in an instant. Unlike traditional dumms, its artificial bones and organs can be bent and rebound like a live organ when collision occurs, thereby truly simulates injury, ribbed, spleen and liver rupture. This is the first fake person approved by the US and European authoritative collision testing institutions, which can save the car manufacturer of US $ 1 billion in R D fees, and can also evoke the emphasis on safety in the world. It will replace the current European side collision dummy.
The WorldSid Development Plan is to develop a new one and collide people around the world and representing the side of the advanced technology. There are two aspects: the motivation to develop the plan: one is to design more advanced side collision dumpers on the basis of further understanding of the fake people in the side collision, providing more measures to improve the protection of the occupant; World dummy can avoid using different fake people in different regions. The project is initiated by ISO organization, gains support from governments, automakers and suppliers in the world, and EEVC's SID 1 2000 program research results and cooperation with IHRA Biomechanics and Side Touch Working Group ensures a WorldSid program. The smooth progress, the entire WOHDSID development work has been completed in 2007, and it will be applied in the world.
For the side collision dummy, the biological fitness of the panel in the side is directly related to the side collision of the car whether the safety performance can be properly evaluated, which is also related to the occupant or pedestrian life and property. Effective protection. Table 2 shows the scope of the international standardized organization on the fake people's biological fitness rating. Table 3 shows the comparison table of the side collision dummy biological fitting.
From Table 2 and Table 3, it can be seen that the biological fittings of the WORLDSID have achieved excellent levels, which is the general standard dumpers that will generally adopt in the future world, which provides automotive side safety research in the next world. A unified assessment standard.

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