Research on the R \u0026 D Process of Car Collision Dums

In recent years, China's auto production and sales volume continued to grow rapidly. In 2011, it reached 18.42 million and 15.51 million respectively. In 2012, it reached 1,9271,800, and 1,9306,400 (Note: Data from China Automotive Industry Association, 2012). ), Civilian cars have exceeded 100 million units, accounting for about 10% of the world. In contrast, the 2012 US auto sales 14490, EU-27 light vehicle registrations fell by 8.2% year on year to 1,205 ten thousand. China's automotive production and sales market is so huge, relatively, China has not established its own car collision dummy system, and the dummy used has adopted EU and US standards, which affects the accuracy and scientificity of China's automotive safety performance assessment. This paper conducted a preliminary study of the collision dummy system system in the field of foreign auto safety, and proposed the basic idea of China 's construction of automobile collision dummy system system.

(1) United States
The United States has developed a car crash fake person in 1960. After more than 50 years of development, the United States has developed a test fake family. US car crash dummy led the development of a system of legal norms Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA), divided into three levels. The first level is a car collision safety standard for the fake people in the federal regulation, including CFR 571.201 "Post-collision passenger protection", CFR 571.208 "Crew Collision Protection", CFR 571.213 "Child Constraint System", CFR 571.214 "Side Collision protection "etc; the second level is specified in the collision dummy human type and calibration standard, including the CFR 572" Pental Test Device "; the third level is the drawing standard of collision the fake person, including the SA series drawing standards.
· CFR 571.201 "OccupantProtection in Interior Impact): This standard specifies the performance requirements for the safety protection of the occupant when the vehicle is hit, which is suitable for passenger cars, multi-functional weights of the total weight of 4,536 kg. Passenger cars, trucks and passenger cars, etc.
· CFR 571.208 "OccupantCrash Protection This standard specifies the performance requirements of occupant safety during vehicle collision, by improving vehicle camping performance to reduce person casualties and reducing the degree of injury. This standard applies to passenger cars, multi-function passenger cars, trucks and passenger cars.
CFR 571.213 "Child Restraintsystems): This standard specifies the requirements of children's restraint systems on automotive and aircraft, aimed at reducing child casualties in automotive and aircraft accidents. This standard is suitable for use in passenger cars, multi-function passenger cars, trucks, passenger cars and aircraft, etc.
· CFR 571.214 "Side ImpactProtection): This standard specifies the performance requirements for occupant protection when the side collision is designed to reduce casualties and reduce the degree of injury. This standard applies to passenger cars that are not more than 4,536 kg (10,000 pounds), multi-function passenger cars, trucks and passenger cars, etc., except for step-in trucks.
· AnthropomorphicTest Devices: This Law describes the calibration requirements of the anthropomorphic test device, for the safety standards of motor vehicles and motor vehicles. The CFR 572 "Six Test Device" has a total of 18 test fake people, which are applied to CFR 571.201 "Post-collision members", CFR 571.208 "Crew Collision Protection", CFR 571.213 "Child Constraint System" and CFR 571.214 "side collision protection Four collision tests. The type of fake person adopted by the four collision tests is shown in Table 1.
· Doors Design Drawings (SA and other series of standards): Dummy design drawings are the core technical indicators of dummy production, including the size standards and quality of the fake people, skin and bone density. The fake man's design drawings are stored in the National Archives and Record Authority of the Washington area, and the UN Secretary-General's office also has a archive.
(2) EU
European countries actively carry out the development of automobile collision test fake people, the test fake people set out in EU regulations apply to ECE RL6
"Motor Vehicle Adult Crew Safety Belt and Constraint System (SafetyBelts, Restraint Systems, Child RestRaint Systems), ECE-R44
"Child Restraints", ECE-R94 "Frontal Impact" (Frontal Impact), ECE-R95 Collision Crew Protection, ECE / Trans / 180 / Add.9 "Pedestriansafety) The above five collision tests. The type of fake person used in five collision tests is shown in Table 2.
· ECE-RL6 Motor Cars Adult Crew Use Safety Belt and Constraint System
(Safety-Belts, RESTRAINT SYSTEMS, CHILD RESTRAINT SYSTEMS): This Law is suitable for installation of car seat belts and constraint systems.
· ECE-R44 Motor Vehicle Child Care Constrained System: This Law Suitable for children's occupants installed on three wheels or more, but not suitable for installation in a folding seat orChild restraint system on lateral seat.
· E C E - R 9 4 Positive face collision passenger protection (F R O N T Limpact): This law applies to M1 motor vehicles with a total mass of not more than 2.5 tons, and other models of manufacturers can also refer to it.
• Side Impact: Side Impact: This law applies to M1 and N1-type vehicles with R-positions between the minimum seats and the terrestrial distances of no more than 700 mm.
· ECE / TRANS / 180 / Add.9 pedestrian collision protection (Pedestrian Safety): This law applies to the safety protection performance of vehicle pedestrians.
The above-mentioned EU regulations have detailed and described in detail in the annex in the attachment.

China's car collision dummy system
China's automobile collision dummy standardization system is mainly reflected in national standards, with a total of 12 test fake people, all with reference to foreign standards, applied to passenger cars Crew (GB 11551-2003), occupant protection (GB 20071-2006), Crew Children's Crew (GB 27887-2011), Crash for pedestrians (GB / T 24550) -2009) The above four collision tests. The type of fake person adopted by the four collision tests is shown in Table 3.
· "Crew Protection of Positive Collision of Passenger Car" (GB 11551-2003): This standard specifies the technical requirements and test methods of frontal seat occupant protection in front of the frontal collision of the vehicle, suitable for M1 cars.
"Crew Protection" (GB 20071-2006): This standard specifies the requirements and test procedures for the side collision of the automobile, and also changes the vehicle type, three-dimensional H point devices, moving deformation wall barriers and The side collision dummy has been specified, and when the quality is a reference quality, the minimum seat is not more than 700 mm from the M1 and N1 types of vehicles between the minimum seat.
"Binding System for Motor Cars" (GB 27887-2011): This standard specifies the terms and definitions of motor vehicle occupants (hereinafter referred to as children constraint systems), installation and fixing on vehicles The structure, constraint system, and the performance requirements and test methods of constraint system assemblies and their components, suitable for use in children's occupants installed in three wheels, but not suitable for installation in a folding seat Or a child restraint system on the seat.
· "Car to Pedestrians" (GB / T 24550-2009): This standard stipulates the technical requirements and test methods for automotive collision on pedestrian protection, which is suitable for M1 categories with total design of more than 500 kilograms. car.

Preliminary thinking about China Auto collision dummy
(1) The timing of China's research on carapse fake people has matured. At the same time, the United States established a car safety and recall system in the 1960s, it began to develop a car collision dummy. At that time, the annual output of US cars was more than 100,000. In recent years, China's automotive production and sales volume has increased. According to forecasting, China's auto output will reach 17.9 million, at the same time, the various negative issues brought about by car product quality and safety are increasingly prominent. According to statistics from the Ministry of Public Security, in 2009, there were 238,351 road traffic accidents in China, causing 67,759 deaths, 275, 125 injured, and direct economic losses of 910 million yuan, some of which were triggered due to car defects due to automobile defects. China is now nearly 20 million automotive safety assessments that use foreign collision dumpers. The height, weight, and bones of the Chinese body have a significant difference in European and American people. Therefore, China's research is a necessary demand for the China Automotive Industry and Economic Development, which is also in line with the needs of China's market supervision.
(2) China has already had a technical foundation for cautious people in cars. Car collision dummy is a vast project involving the development of massive basic data, processing, processing, and dummy's manufacturing, and even the digital dummy. In 1980, China established the National Human Industrial Effective Technical Committee, which has established a human engineering study laboratory. It is currently the largest development of China's largest open industrial role in China. It has initially formed a body shape, strength, exercise. , Physiological, perception, and interaction
are all-round experimental research capabilities for the problem. At the same time, some universities and research institutions are carry out relevant research. If China can concentrate the research advantages of all parties, establish a research alliance in the collision of the cars, will have sufficient technical foundation.
(3) Constructing a systematic framework of Chinese cars colliding with fake people. In the study of China's automobile collision dum, refer to foreign data collection methods, collect Chinese human parameters, including different genders, different age stages, and the main feature points, quality, inertia, density, etc. of various parts, and create a set of China. Car collided with the fake family. In terms of building a Chinese car collision dummy system, it is recommended that China's legislative experience in the United States will deliver a calibration standard and a set of drawings. The Construction of China 's Collision Digital Specification System is shown in Figure 1.

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